Canine Lymphoma
1. Summary Canine lymphoma is a common and aggressive cancer affecting dogs, comprising a diverse group of hematologic malignancies that arise from lymphoid tissues. Recent advances in diagnostics, treatment options, and ongoing research aim to improve the prognosis and quality of life for affected dogs. This page provides an overview of canine lymphoma, including its classification, diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies, and future research opportunities. In particular, biospecimens like primary cells, tumor cells, and various biological fluids (e.g., blood and urine) play a pivotal role in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and developing novel therapies. 2. Introduction Lymphoma in dogs represents one of the most common cancers, affecting lymphoid tissues such as lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow. It is a highly heterogeneous disease with different biological behaviors, clinical presentations, and responses to treatment depending on the subtype. The need for more accurate diagnostic tools and effective therapies is a priority in veterinary oncology, driven by the recent advances in understanding the genetic and molecular pathways involved in the disease. The use of biospecimens, including peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), fine-needle biopsy tissues, and cryopreserved samples, is crucial for both diagnosis and research into new treatment modalities. 3. Classification and Incidence Canine lymphoma is classified according to cell type (B-cell vs. T-cell) and malignancy grade. The World Health Organization (WHO) classification system, which considers histologic and immunophenotypic parameters, remains the gold standard for diagnosis(VMS3-10-e1398) . Among the subtypes, B-cell lymphoma is more common and typically has a better prognosis, whereas T-cell lymphoma, particularly high-grade forms, is associated with poorer outcomes(VMS3-10-e1398) . Recent studies also emphasize the role of newer classifications like the Kiel classification, which helps predict survival outcomes based on the morphological subtype(VMS3-10-e1398). 4. Diagnosis Accurate diagnosis of canine lymphoma requires a multimodal approach, combining cytologic evaluation of fine-needle aspirates, histopathology, and immunophenotyping . Flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry are valuable tools to determine the immunophenotype (B-cell vs. T-cell), which is critical for prognosis and treatment planning. The use of biospecimens such as blood, urine, and lymph node aspirates helps to identify biomarkers and molecular signatures associated with specific lymphoma subtypes . Additionally, molecular techniques like PCR for antigen receptor rearrangements (PARR) and miRNA profiling are emerging as diagnostic aids that provide insight into the genetic underpinnings of the disease . 5. Treatment The treatment of canine lymphoma is primarily focused on chemotherapy, with protocols like CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) being the most common(VMS3-10-e1398). Newer approaches have integrated immunotherapies and targeted therapies, guided by molecular profiling of the tumor(VMS3-10-e1398) . Chemotherapy can induce remission in many cases, but relapse is common, particularly in T-cell lymphomas(VMS3-10-e1398). Biospecimens such as tumor cells and PBMCs are increasingly being used to test new therapeutic compounds, aiming to develop personalized medicine strategies based on the genetic profile of the tumor(fvets-11-1442964) . 6. Future Research Opportunities Current research into canine lymphoma is focused on understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms driving the disease. Biospecimens such as frozen tissues and tumor cells from biopsies are essential for molecular research, helping identify new drug targets and diagnostic biomarkers (fvets-11-1442964). Artificial intelligence and machine learning are also being applied to improve diagnostic accuracy and predict treatment responses . Future therapies may involve the use of personalized medicine based on molecular profiling, as well as the integration of novel drug compounds that target specific pathways involved in cancer cell growth and survival(fvets-11-1442964) . Our Products and Services Dissociated tumor cells from canine lymphoma: Ideal for in vitro studies, providing detailed insights into tumor biology and drug responses. Cell line establishment services from canine lymphoma: Custom cell models developed from patient-derived samples for long-term research. Serum from canine lymphoma: Rich in circulating biomarkers, useful for diagnostic and therapeutic research. Plasma from canine lymphoma: Valuable for molecular analysis and biomarker discovery. Swabs from canine lymphoma: Non-invasive samples for studying the tumor microenvironment. Urine from canine lymphoma: A source of metabolic and diagnostic markers for disease monitoring. Stool from canine lymphoma: Useful for gastrointestinal involvement studies or microbiome research. These products offer high-quality samples, supporting advanced research and the development of innovative diagnostics and treatments for canine lymphoma. How to order: For orders or enquiries you can contact us at info@lab4paws.com or call us at +49 172 460 5978 (Europe) or +1 617 982 1785 (US). References VMS3-10-e1398.pdf: Prognostic role of the updated Kiel classification in canine high-grade T-cell lymphomas(VMS3-10-e1398) . fvets-11-1442964.pdf: Research Topic on canine lymphoma pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment . 9782832552261.PDF: Advances in molecular tools for canine lymphoma diagnosis and therapy(fvets-11-1442964) .
Feline Squamous Cell Carcinoma
1. Summary Feline squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common, aggressive cancer primarily affecting older cats. It frequently presents on areas with minimal fur such as the ears, nose, and oral cavity, and is driven by factors like ultraviolet (UV) light exposure. Despite advances in treatment options, the prognosis for advanced cases remains poor. Biospecimens, including dissociated tumor cells, blood, and urine, are crucial for diagnostic and therapeutic research, enabling better understanding of the disease and the development of novel treatments. 2. Introduction Feline squamous cell carcinoma arises from the squamous epithelial cells of the skin and oral tissues. Particularly common in light-pigmented cats, SCC often affects areas like the nose, ears, and lips. While early-stage cutaneous SCC can be treated effectively, late-stage and oral SCC are more difficult to manage due to their invasive nature. Biospecimens, such as tumor cells and plasma from feline SCC, help researchers study tumor biology and develop targeted therapies(10.1177_1098612X13483238)(vetsci-09-00558). 3. Classification and Incidence Feline SCC can be broadly classified into cutaneous SCC (primarily UV-induced) and oral SCC, which is far more aggressive and invasive. Cutaneous SCC usually affects light-colored cats, especially in sun-exposed areas. Oral SCC is the most common oral malignancy in cats, accounting for the majority of oral neoplasms, and is associated with poor prognosis due to its rapid progression and local invasion(10.1177_1098612X13483238). 4. Diagnosis The diagnosis of feline SCC involves a combination of clinical examination, biopsy, and advanced imaging techniques. Cytology and histopathology are used to confirm SCC, while dissociated tumor cells from feline SCC can be used for more in-depth molecular studies. Molecular techniques like PCR and immunohistochemistry are employed to assess the presence of specific mutations or viral components, aiding in accurate classification and personalized treatment planning(10.1177_1098612X13483238)(vetsci-09-00558). 5. Treatment Treatment options for feline SCC include surgery, radiation, and, in some cases, chemotherapy. For early-stage cutaneous SCC, surgical excision with wide margins is often curative, while advanced oral SCC requires a multimodal approach. Biospecimens such as plasma and tumor cells from feline SCC are being used to explore novel immunotherapies and targeted drug therapies that aim to slow disease progression and improve survival(10.1177_1098612X13483238)(vetsci-09-00558). 6. Future Research Opportunities Future research in feline SCC is focusing on early detection and the development of targeted therapies. Biospecimens like frozen tissues from feline SCC are critical for identifying genetic mutations that drive tumor growth, while swabs, urine, and blood from feline SCC patients are being used to discover biomarkers that could lead to better diagnostic tools. The role of viral infections, particularly papillomavirus, in the etiology of SCC is also a growing area of investigation(10.1177_1098612X13483238)(vetsci-09-00558). Products & Services Dissociated tumor cells from feline squamous cell carcinoma: Ideal for in vitro studies, allowing researchers to study tumor biology and drug responses. Cell line establishment services from feline squamous cell carcinoma: Custom cell lines for long-term research, derived from patient-specific tumors. Serum from feline squamous cell carcinoma: Rich in circulating biomarkers, critical for diagnostic and therapeutic research. Plasma from feline squamous cell carcinoma: Essential for molecular analyses and the identification of novel biomarkers. Swabs from feline squamous cell carcinoma: Non-invasive samples from affected areas for studying local and systemic tumor environments. Urine from feline squamous cell carcinoma: Useful for monitoring metabolic changes and identifying diagnostic markers. Stool from feline squamous cell carcinoma: Important for gastrointestinal involvement studies and microbiome analysis. Our range of high-quality biospecimens supports ongoing research and the development of innovative diagnostic tools and therapies aimed at improving outcomes for feline squamous cell carcinoma. How to order: For orders or enquiries you can contact us at info@lab4paws.com or call us at +49 172 460 5978 (Europe) or +1 617 982 1785 (US). References Murphy, S. (2013). Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the cat: Current understanding and treatment approaches. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 15(5), 401-407(10.1177_1098612X13483238). Sequeira, I., Pires, M. d. A., Leitão, J., et al. (2022). Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma: A critical review of etiologic factors. Veterinary Sciences, 9, 558(vetsci-09-00558).
